VIII.Civics.Chapter18.The Union Goverment

Civics.Chapter 18.

The Union Government.

Inside Question Answer.

Q.1.What is the another name of Central government ?

Ans : National government

Q.2.What are the three Organs of Union government ?

Ans : Three organs of union government :-

a. The Legislature.

b.The Executive 

c.The judiciary

Q.3.How many types of list divided the maker of our Constitution enumerated on which law could be made ?

Ans : a.Union List.

b.State List.

c.Concurrent List.

Q.4.What is the minimum age to right to rote ?

Ans : 18 .

Q.5.What are the two Houses of parliament ? And how members are elected ?

Ans : The parliament consist two houses, the house of the people known as Lok sabha and is also called the “Lower House” The second House is the council of states, known as Rajya Sabha Or the Upper House.

Q.6.What is the maximum strength of lok sabha?

Ans :  552.

Q.7. How many members of Lok Sabha directly elected by the people ?

Ans : 530

Q.8. What is the normal term of lok Sabha ?

Ans : 5 years

Q.9.What is the normal term of Rajya Sabha?

Ans :  6 years

Q.10. What is the meaning of term 'Impeachment’?

Ans : The parliament is empowered to removed the president, 

The judges of the Supreme court and.the High courts.The procedure adopted for the purpose called Impeachment.

A.Tick the Correct  Options          

1.Which one of the following subjects comes under the Union List?

(a) Foreign affairs  .          (c) drugs and medicines

(b) forests.                        (d) Information technology

2.Which one of the following statements about Lok Sabha is correct?

(a) it can never be dissolved.            (c)  It cannot pass a no- confident motion.

(b)  It cannot pass a no-confidence.  (d)  Money bills can only be introduced in lok Sabha.

3.Which one of the following statements about the Indian Parliament is true?

(     a.It is the highest law making of India  

      b.It controls the The Union Executive as well as Judiciary 

      c.All the members of the Parliament are elected for a terms of five years 

      d.Indian Parliament  is unicameral. 

     4.Each member of  Rajya Sabha has a term of 

a.Four years 

b.Five years 

c.six years 

d.Seven years  

5.During lok sabha election,reserved constituencies are meant of :

a.minority community 

b.the disabled and handicapped 

c.women only

d.schedule cast and schedule tribe .    

B.Fill  in the Blanks

1.The topmost level of government in India is Central government.

2.In case of a disagreement over a law made on the same subject from the concurrent List, the law made by  former prevails over the law made by State government.

3.The Principle of vote Universal Adult Franchise gives all adult citizens the right to vote.

4.The President of India is an integral part of the parliament.

5.Lok Sabha  represents the people of India and  Rajya Sabha represents the states of India.

C. Write True or False for the following statements.

A Governor is Head of the State, whereas a Chief Minister is the Head of the State Goverment - true.

B The women are adequately represented in the Indian Parliament.  - false

C No bill can become a law without the approval of the President of India.  - true.

D The Chairman of Rajya Sabha cannot vote on any issue in Rajya Sabha - true.

E The Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha enjoy equal power regarding the amendment of the Constitution  - true

D.Answer the following the questions in brief.

Q.1.Why did India opt for a federal form of government? Explain.

Ans :  India had diversity in languages, religions, customs, traditions,lifestyles, climatic conditions and geographical features.

It is difficult to have a single unified administrative set-up. 

That's why India opted for a federal form of government.

Q.2.How have the Legislative powers been divided between the union government and the state government?

Ans : the legislative powers have been divided between the union government and state government in the name of three lists

 Union List : There are subjects of national importance in the union list and the central government is entitled to make laws on this list . There are 97 subjects in the Union List. Some examples of subjects of the Union List are:defense, foreign affairs, war and peace, Railways, post office, etc.

State List : The state List contains 66 subjects like police, local government, public health and sanitation, agriculture, forests etc. The state legislature has exclusive power to make laws on these subjects.

Concurrent List : In the concurrent list there are 52 subjeccts and it includes subjects such as ,marriage and divorce ,transfer of Property other than agricultural land, adulteration of food stuffs, drug and medicines, labour welfare, etc.

The Parliament as well as the state legislature both may make laws on the subjects enlisted in the concurrent list. 

But in case of conflict the central law prevails over the state laws.

Residuary Subjects : on  Residuary Subjects the parliament makes laws on it. Some examples of these subjects are Computer software and hardware, E-commerce, Information Technology, etc.

Q.3.Describe the composition of the Union Government of India.

Ans : The topmost level of Government in India is the Union Government Or the Central Government. 

It is also called the national Government. 

The Union Government has three organs- the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary.

Q.4.Highlight any  three dissimilarities between Lok Sabha  and  Rajya Sabha  with  respect  to their composition.

Ans : Three  dissimilarities  between Lok Sabha  and  Rajya Sabha  with  respect  to  their composition are

Lok Sabha:

a.Lok Sabha is a temporary House

b.It's duration is five years.

c.It's maximum members may be 552.

Rajya Sabha :

a.Rajya Sabha is a permanent House.

b.It's members duration is for 6 years.

c.It's maximum members are 250.

Q.5. Mention any three advantages of universal Adult Franchise.

Ans :The three advantages of Universal Adult Franchise are: a. All citizens who are 18 or more than 18 years of age have the right to vote.

b. Universal adult franchise gives the people an opportunity to actively participate in the political process of the country.

c. Due to Universal Adult Franchise we elect our representatives who constitute the Parliament that controls and guides the Indian government.

E. Answer the following questions.

Q.1.Describe any five major functions of the Indian Parliament.

Ans : Five major functions of the Indian parliament are:

a. Legislative Powers: The parliament is the highest law making body. It makes laws on all the subjects listed in the union list, the concurrent list and the residuary subjects.

b. Control over the Executive:In Parliamentary form of democracy the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. The parliament also controls the executive by asking questions.

c. Financial powers: the annual budget of the union government is passed by the Parliament every year. The government cannot impose any tax or incur any expenditure if the proposals are not approved by the parliament

Q.2.Compare the legislative and financial powers of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha .On the basis of your comparison,which one of the two Houses is more powerful and how?

Ans :   Rajyasabha: It is the Upper House of the Parliament of India. Its members are elected by the Legislative Assemblies of the states.

Legislative power : Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved under any circumstances once made.It means that its decisions are important and definite. 

Financial power : This is the ultimate deciding authority.Loksabha : It is the lower House of the Parliament. It's members are directly elected by the people through general elections.It can be dissolved in a state of emergency by the president of India.

Financial power: in financial matters the Lok Sabha can create bills, amend them, take charge of financial budgets but they get send to the Rajyasabha for checking.Loksabha is more powerful because: 

a. Lok Sabha has the power to introduce a money bill .This bill will go for the consideration of Rajya Sabha for 14 days and they are bound to pass the bill within the tenure.

b.  In case of issuing Ordinary Bill both the houses enjoy equal powers but in case of deadlock there will be a joint sitting called by president and as Loksabha contains more people so it wins.c.Loksabha has power to pass No Confidence Motion for the executive.

Q.3 How is the speaker of Lok Sabha inducted mention her/his powers and functions.

Ans : There is a tradition that the speaker is elected from the majority party. Powers and functions of the speaker.

The speaker presides over the meetings of Lok Sabha. In her /his absence the house is chaired by the Deputy speaker.

The speaker maintains discipline and decorum of the House. If the situation demands the speaker can adjourn the House.

All the petitions and documents addressed to the House are received by the speaker.

It is the Lok Sabha speaker who presides over the joint sitting of both the Houses of the Parliament.

Q.4.Explain the composition of Rajya Sabha. who can be elected as a member and for how long? why is Rajya Sabha called a permanent House?

Ans : The  maximum strength of Rajya Sabha is 250.out of these ,12 members are nominated by the President of India and the remaining 238 are elected from the states and Union Territories by the elected members of the state Legislative Assemblies. 

The 12 nominated members are distinguished personalities who excel in various fields of art, literature ,science ,social service, sports, etc.

To become a member of Rajya Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India and not less than 30 years of age.Her/His name must be in the voters' list. 

Rajya Sabha is a permanent House because it is never dissolved.

Q.5.Describe the procedure followed by the union parliament in passing an ordinary bill.

Ans : The making of a law is initiated by introducing a legislative proposal for the bill (other than the money bill) in either of the two Houses of the Parliament .

Approval of both the Houses is necessary for passing a bill. 

After a bill is approved by both the Houses it is sent to the president for her/ his consent once the consent is provided ,the bill becomes a law.