Tumahre Liye

Chapter 24.Civics. Our Urban Government We all know that the city life and the village life are quite different from each other.   The cities are more populated than the villages.   As a result, those who have to look after the management of the cities have to make adequate provisions for drinking water, electricity, transport, health - care centers / hospitals, etc.   In addition to the above, there are big markets, mills and production centers in the cities.   More and more people are migrating from the rural to urban areas making cities over crowded.   This leads to greater strain on the provision of the civic amenities.   The responsibility of providing the amenities and their maintenance is entrusted to the urban self - governing bodies.   It would be useful to study how these bodies are composed and how they perform their various functions.   The Seventy Fourth Amendment Act of 1992 has provided three types of urban local bodies.  ...

Chapter 23.Civics Our Rural Governance  You must have read the story titled 'Panch Parmeshwar' written by Munshi Prem Chand.  In this story, Algu Chowdhary and Jhumman Sheikh were fast friends who lived in a village.  They strongly supported each other in every matter.  Once, it so happened that Jhumman Sheikh had some land dispute with his mausi (aunt).  Mausi took the matter to the village Panchayat to seek justice.  Since Algu Chowdhary was the Sarpanch at that time, Jhumman was sure that decision would definitely be given in his favor.  After hearing both the sides and consulting other members, Algu Chowdhary, the Sarpanch, ordered Jhumman Sheikh to return Mausi's land and pay her the compensation also.  The decision was unexpected for Jhumman.  It annoyed him so much that he decided to take revenge.  After sometime, Algu Chowdhary got involved in a dispute with someone in the village.  The matter was taken to the Pancha...

Chapter 22.Civics. Democracy and Government You have read in the previous chapter that 'We, the People of India', come from different races, arising which are often in conflic regions, religions, castes and speak different languages.  In such a diverse society, different demands with one another.  Some people think that their problems are more important.  So, they should be solved first whereas others may think that their problems should be given top priority.  In such a conflicting situation, the positive attitude of "live and let live" is the best course to amicably settle the disputes and solve the problems.  The democratic way of life based on equality, fraternity and justice paves the way and prepares the citizens to mutually resolve the disputes arising out of the vested or varied interests.  Be it a government office, a private company, a hospital or an educational institution, conflicting interests lead to misunderstanding, rigid stands and so...

Chapter 21 Our Community Life :  Unity in Diversity Man is called a social animal.  Man cannot live without a society or a community.  The society it is due to human nature and our necessity that we provides security and support to everyo enjoy living in a community, as a result of the advancement in science and technology, human needs have multiplied many fold.  The people living in the villages comparatively lead a simple life than those who reside in cities as a result, their requirements are different from one another.  In short, needs, requirements and necessities of human beings compel them to live together and extend mutual co-operation.  This is called community life.  COMMUNITY AND INTERDEPENDENCE The community in which we live comprises of the family, the school and the neighborhood.  The families living close to one another in a particular area, form a neighborhood.  Living together helps in solving various kinds of problems ...