7.Chapter7,Geo.Human Environment

                            
Chapter -7
Human  Environment
Inside.Questions
1.How many types of environment ?
Ans- Two,
(i) Natural environment
(ii) Man-made environment.
2.What is called cluster group of houses?
Ans- Settlement.
3.What is the primary residence of human society?
Ans- Settlement.
4. Which type of life does early man lived?
Ans- Nomadic life.
5. Human beings learnt the art of architecture and farming in which age?
Ans- Post stone age.
6. What is called the act of moving people or goods from one place to another called?
Ans- Transportation
7. What are the main factors responsible for permanent Settlement?
Ans-(i) Availability of Water
(ii)Relief features
(iii) Special sites
8.Write the modes of transportation?ans-i) Roadways i) Railways iii) waterways iv) Airways v) Pipelines.
9. Which mode of transportation is called the'Lifeline of a country'?
Ans- Railways.
10.which is the largest railway line in the world?
Ans- Trans-Siberian railways.
11.Which tub city is links with the Trans-Siberian railways?
Ans-  St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.
12. Which is the cheapest mode of transportation?
Ans-waterways.
13.Which is also known as floating towns?
Ans- Mechanised Ships with modern facilities.
14.Which mode of Transportation is used to transportation of liquid or gaseous materials?
Ans- Pipelines.
15.What is called the exchange of ideas and views from one person to another?
Ans- Communication.
16. At present time which is the most powerful communication in the world?
Ans- Satellite.
17.Which is the fastest means of transportation?
Ans- Airways.
18. Which is the recent mode of transport?
Ans- Pipelines.
Something To Know
A.Tick the correct option.
1.Which of the following represents human environment?
- city
2.The uneven terrain of highland areas results in-
-dispersed settlement
3. Transportation is helpful for the-
-slow and steady development of a place.
4. The floating towns are-
-large mechanised ships.
5. HBJ pipelines is used for the transportation of-
-petroleum , natural gas

B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Road transport is used for shorter distances.
2. Pipelines are commonly used for transportation of liquid materials.
3. Metro is available in large cities like Kolkata and Bengaluru.
4. Nomads are completely dependent on the  environment to satisfy their basic needs.
5. Satellite provide communication services even to the remote areas of the country.

C. Write True or False for the following statements.
1. Pipelines are the most important means of transporting solid goods. False
2. Metro rails are the fastest and the most comfortable means of transport in metropolitan cities. True
3. Waterways are the cheapest mode of transport. True
4. In ancient times, cultivation was common in the hilly areas only. False
5. Plains are the least favourable location for the establishment of compact settlements. False

D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. What are wet point settlements ?
ans- The settlement that grows around a source of water are known as wet point settlements.
2.Explain the term 'transportation'. Name the various means of transportation?
ans- I)Transportation is the act of moving people or goods from one place to another.ln the pre-historic times, people normally travelled on foot. They used to transport goods by carrying them on their back or head.
ii) With the invention of wheel came the bullock carts. With the development of science and technology, the transport and communication facilities have grown rapidly.
iii) Their are five main modes of transportation:
a.Roadways b.Railways c.Waterways
d.Airways e.Pipelines.
3. What is the importance of means of communication?
Ans- (i) Communication means exchange of ideas and views from one person to another.
(ii) Communication networks have become very important for exchanging knowledge and ideas which, in turn, contribute to economic development. It also helps in developing social relationship and unity.
(iii) During natural calamities, like floods, drought, etc., the means of instant communication (such as TV and radio) flash news, so that relief can be rushed to the spot immediately.
4. Give two advantages of electrification of railways.
(i) The electrification of railways has resulted in reduced pollution and has helped in carrying large number of passengers from one place to another.
(ii) With the advancement of technology fast moving trains, e.g. Rajdhani, Shatabdi, etc. have been introduced.
5. Mention two advantages of waterways over airways.
Ans-(i) It is the cheapest mode of transportation for heavy and bulky goods.
(ii) Waterways are very beneficial for those countries which are located near the river banks, navigable canals or the coasts.

E. Answer the following questions.
1. What are the various factors responsible for permanent settlements?
ans- Factors responsible for permanent settlements are as follows-
a.Availability of water b.Relief features c. Special sites.
2. What are the various advantages of Roadways over other means of transport?
Ans It is used for the movement of passengers and goods for shorter distances.
a.Roadways is the swift and efficient means of Transportation which provides door to door services.
b.Roads help in the transportation of perishable items, like fruits and vegetables, to distant markets with a speedy movement.
c.Construction and maintenance of roads is cheaper as compare to other means of transport.
d.In hilly areas, road transport plays a very important role, as other means of transport are either not possible or are very expensive.
3. Explain how transportation and communication help in the economic development of a country.
ans- Transportation a.There is a great impact of transport on the economic development of a place. We know that transport system connects cities and towns with one another.
b.It can help the people to send the surplus production to different markets and in return help the country in its economic growth.
c.One of the reasons for the backwardness of some regions of the world, such as Zaire basin and Tundra region, is the lack of transport facilities.
Communication
i) Communication networks have become very important for exchanging knowledge and ideas which, in turn, contribute to economic development ii) It also helps in developing social relationship and unity. During natural calamities, like floods, drought, etc., the means of instant communication (such as TV and radio) flash news.
4.What was the impact of the discovery of fire, wheel and iron on human civilizations?
ans- Discoveries of fire, iron and wheel were big steps towards civilization. With the discovery of fire now the earlier men can cook his food and make the food items tastier even he could protect himself by burning fire before the caves.
The earlier men started making his tools and weapons by using iron. The tools become more sophisticated.
The discovery of wheel was a revolution in the life of the premative men. They use the wheel in the bullock carts and it was the earlier means of transportation.
5. How has the computer technology revolutionised the process of communication?
Ans-a.Computer is yet another great invention by the man. It has revolutionised the process of communication through e-mail, internet, CDs, pen drive, laptop, palmtop, etc.
b.We can get any information about the entire world while sitting at homes and using computers.