6.Chapter12.History.Janpadas and Mahajanpadas
Chapter 12.History.Questions/Answers.
Janpadas and Mahjanpadas
Keywords
Gana - a group consisting of many members
Matrimonial alliances- relations through marriages.
Republic- a state where its head is elected by the People.
Sangha - organisation or association..
A.Tick the correct option.
1.What was the word Janpada literally mean
Ans the land
2.In which category Sakya of Kapilvastu can be placed.
Ans Gansanghas
3.Ajatshatru shiftet his capital from Rajgriha to
Ans Pataliputra
4.The supreme head of chosen by the people was
Ans Raja
5.Which one is emerged as the most powerful Mahajanpadas?
Ans Magadha
B.Fill in the Blanks.
1.Gansanghas were the kingdoms where the kings were not hereditary.
2.King Bimbisara never tolerated inefficient officers.
3.The capital of Sakyas was Kapilvastu.
4 The people of Magadh raised three crops in a year.
5. The head of artisns's association was known as Shrenee.
C.Write true or false for the following statements.
1.The Varna System was based on birth.True
2.Vaishyas were called Sangrahitris. False
3.Gramini helped the king in his central adminstration. False
4.Magadh had a flourishing long distance trade. True
5.There was no assembly in the Repblics.False
D.1.What were Janpadas? Name any four of them
Ans People belonging to same tribe inhabited a Janapada,but with the expansion ,they came to be know as Mahajanapadadas..
The names of Mahajanpadas are - Magadha ,Vatsa, Avanti,Kosala..
2.What was the status of Magadh under the Nandas.?
Ans Nandas,ruled the Magadha afterwards.Magadha attained a very prestigious position under the Nandas. They extended the territories of Magadha further.
3.What made the people drift away from Brahmanism?
Ans The main reason for people to drift away from Brahminism was the political uprising seen in South India. The Dravidian movement started by Tamil leaders like Periyar Ramasamy and the Justice party paved way for a reservation to the marginalized sections of the Society.
4. Mention any two achievements of Ajatshatru.
Ans Ajatshatru is known for his efforts to lay down the foundation of a strong empire of Magadha. ... An engine for ejecting big stones and scythed chariot, which were considered as the most powerful invention of him laid the foundation of strong war weapons used by the Magadha.
5.What was a guild ? What was its main purpose?
Ans Guild, also spelled gild, an association of craftsmen or merchants formed for mutual aid and protection and for the furtherance of their professional interests. Guilds flourished in Europe between the 11th and 16th centuries and formed an important part of the economic and social fabric in that era.
E.1.How did Magadh emerge as the most powerful Mahajanpadas?Explain.
Ans Magadha emerge as the most powerful mahajanpada by capturing all the 14 janpads. At that time Dhanananda, the son of Mahapadmananda, the founder of nanda dynasty. Dhanananda killed his father and became the king of whole Magadha.
Maurayan rule.Chandragupta Maurya,Ashoka proved to be the better king assuring better progress of the Magadh Majanpadas. As we know that Chandragupta Maurya killed Dhanananda and established the Maurayan rule.Kautilya was the ablest and chief advisor of Chandragupta who founded a just rule for the subjects.
Rich Chotanagpur plateau.The rise of Magadh because of proximity to the rich tribal belt of Chotanagpur plateau.
Fertile Gangetic valley Secondly, the Gangetic valley provides rich land for surplus food production. This surplus production further created a social difference.
Good economic conditions The stability of the empire created good economic conditions but the social system was rigid.
2.Highlight any three features of Gansangas or Republic that existed in 600 -110 BC
Ans. a.There were a few kingdoms where the rulers were chosen by the people of the kingdom.These kingdoms were known as Ganasanghas.
b.The office of the ruler was not hereditary.
c.Some of the important Gansanghas were Lichchhavis of Vaishali, Sakyas of Kapilvastu, Vrijis of Mithila, Mallas of Pava (Kushi - nagar).
d.There was an assembly in each Republic.It made laws.
e.The Raja or King was its head
3.Explain the system of Magadh rulers.
Ans.Administration a.The King was the supreme Head of the State.He became very strong and enjoyed vast powers.He was also the head of the army and led the wars.He was regarded as god among his people.
b.There were many officers to assist him in discharging his duties.The Officers were called Mahamatras. They performed the functions of the ministers (Mantris).
c.The other important officers were: Sena nayak (Chief of the army), Sangrahitri (Treasurer), Purohita (Priest) and Gramini (Head of the village).
Ayuktas performed the similar functions at the state level.
Ans It originated long back in the Vedic Period.But Kautilya clearly described first and later in Manusmriti by Manu.
Varna system is a four fold caste system. According to this system, there are four castes. top caste in Indian society.Brahaman,Kshatriye,Vaishya ,Shudra.
The society was based on Varna System, i.e. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras which formed the foundation of the society.
The Kshatriyas were considered better than the Brahmins Vaishyas were called Grihapatis, who followed agriculture, cattle - rearing and trade)
The duty of Shudras was to serve the other three classes of the people.
The Varnas were based on birth and not on work.
Janpadas and Mahjanpadas
Keywords
Gana - a group consisting of many members
Matrimonial alliances- relations through marriages.
Republic- a state where its head is elected by the People.
Sangha - organisation or association..
A.Tick the correct option.
1.What was the word Janpada literally mean
Ans the land
2.In which category Sakya of Kapilvastu can be placed.
Ans Gansanghas
3.Ajatshatru shiftet his capital from Rajgriha to
Ans Pataliputra
4.The supreme head of chosen by the people was
Ans Raja
5.Which one is emerged as the most powerful Mahajanpadas?
Ans Magadha
B.Fill in the Blanks.
1.Gansanghas were the kingdoms where the kings were not hereditary.
2.King Bimbisara never tolerated inefficient officers.
3.The capital of Sakyas was Kapilvastu.
4 The people of Magadh raised three crops in a year.
5. The head of artisns's association was known as Shrenee.
C.Write true or false for the following statements.
1.The Varna System was based on birth.True
2.Vaishyas were called Sangrahitris. False
3.Gramini helped the king in his central adminstration. False
4.Magadh had a flourishing long distance trade. True
5.There was no assembly in the Repblics.False
D.1.What were Janpadas? Name any four of them
Ans People belonging to same tribe inhabited a Janapada,but with the expansion ,they came to be know as Mahajanapadadas..
The names of Mahajanpadas are - Magadha ,Vatsa, Avanti,Kosala..
2.What was the status of Magadh under the Nandas.?
Ans Nandas,ruled the Magadha afterwards.Magadha attained a very prestigious position under the Nandas. They extended the territories of Magadha further.
3.What made the people drift away from Brahmanism?
Ans The main reason for people to drift away from Brahminism was the political uprising seen in South India. The Dravidian movement started by Tamil leaders like Periyar Ramasamy and the Justice party paved way for a reservation to the marginalized sections of the Society.
4. Mention any two achievements of Ajatshatru.
Ans Ajatshatru is known for his efforts to lay down the foundation of a strong empire of Magadha. ... An engine for ejecting big stones and scythed chariot, which were considered as the most powerful invention of him laid the foundation of strong war weapons used by the Magadha.
5.What was a guild ? What was its main purpose?
Ans Guild, also spelled gild, an association of craftsmen or merchants formed for mutual aid and protection and for the furtherance of their professional interests. Guilds flourished in Europe between the 11th and 16th centuries and formed an important part of the economic and social fabric in that era.
E.1.How did Magadh emerge as the most powerful Mahajanpadas?Explain.
Ans Magadha emerge as the most powerful mahajanpada by capturing all the 14 janpads. At that time Dhanananda, the son of Mahapadmananda, the founder of nanda dynasty. Dhanananda killed his father and became the king of whole Magadha.
Maurayan rule.Chandragupta Maurya,Ashoka proved to be the better king assuring better progress of the Magadh Majanpadas. As we know that Chandragupta Maurya killed Dhanananda and established the Maurayan rule.Kautilya was the ablest and chief advisor of Chandragupta who founded a just rule for the subjects.
Rich Chotanagpur plateau.The rise of Magadh because of proximity to the rich tribal belt of Chotanagpur plateau.
Fertile Gangetic valley Secondly, the Gangetic valley provides rich land for surplus food production. This surplus production further created a social difference.
Good economic conditions The stability of the empire created good economic conditions but the social system was rigid.
2.Highlight any three features of Gansangas or Republic that existed in 600 -110 BC
Ans. a.There were a few kingdoms where the rulers were chosen by the people of the kingdom.These kingdoms were known as Ganasanghas.
b.The office of the ruler was not hereditary.
c.Some of the important Gansanghas were Lichchhavis of Vaishali, Sakyas of Kapilvastu, Vrijis of Mithila, Mallas of Pava (Kushi - nagar).
d.There was an assembly in each Republic.It made laws.
e.The Raja or King was its head
3.Explain the system of Magadh rulers.
Ans.Administration a.The King was the supreme Head of the State.He became very strong and enjoyed vast powers.He was also the head of the army and led the wars.He was regarded as god among his people.
b.There were many officers to assist him in discharging his duties.The Officers were called Mahamatras. They performed the functions of the ministers (Mantris).
c.The other important officers were: Sena nayak (Chief of the army), Sangrahitri (Treasurer), Purohita (Priest) and Gramini (Head of the village).
Ayuktas performed the similar functions at the state level.
Q.What was the Social Economic condition of the people during the Magadh rulers.
Ans Social Condition The society was based on Varna System, i.e. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras which formed the foundation of the society.
The Kshatriyas were considered better than the Brahmins.
Vaishyas were called Grihapatis, who followed agriculture, cattle - rearing and trade.
The duty of Shudras was to serve the other three classes of the people.
The Varnas were based on birth and not on work.
The family was considered to be an important unit of the society.
The women occupied a prestigious place in the society.They studied Vedas and their education was given importance there were, perhaps, some tribes which were considered untouchables.
Economic Conditions
a.Agriculture The use of iron brought a radical change in the life of the people of Magadha.The main occupations of the people were cattle - rearing and agriculture.The tiller was considered to be the owner of the land that he cultivated.
The land revenue was charged from 1 / 12th to 1 / 6th of the total produce of the year known as Bhaga (share), their main crops were wheat, cotton, rice and sugarcane. They usually produced three crops in a year.
Other professions There were many other professions like jewelery making, weaving, carpentry, pottery, etc. People of different vocations had their own organisations which were called as Guilds. Each guild had its own head known as Shrenee. The Traders had to pay taxes to the King.
Trading Magadha had a well - developed external and internal trade.The trade and crafts were also well developed.Some of the famous ports were - Tamraparvu (Sri Lanka), Shuprik (Sopara), Bhrigukaccha (Broach) and Pattal.
5.Describe the Varna system How did it start ?What is its present position in India today.
Ans Social Condition The society was based on Varna System, i.e. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras which formed the foundation of the society.
The Kshatriyas were considered better than the Brahmins.
Vaishyas were called Grihapatis, who followed agriculture, cattle - rearing and trade.
The duty of Shudras was to serve the other three classes of the people.
The Varnas were based on birth and not on work.
The family was considered to be an important unit of the society.
The women occupied a prestigious place in the society.They studied Vedas and their education was given importance there were, perhaps, some tribes which were considered untouchables.
Economic Conditions
a.Agriculture The use of iron brought a radical change in the life of the people of Magadha.The main occupations of the people were cattle - rearing and agriculture.The tiller was considered to be the owner of the land that he cultivated.
The land revenue was charged from 1 / 12th to 1 / 6th of the total produce of the year known as Bhaga (share), their main crops were wheat, cotton, rice and sugarcane. They usually produced three crops in a year.
Other professions There were many other professions like jewelery making, weaving, carpentry, pottery, etc. People of different vocations had their own organisations which were called as Guilds. Each guild had its own head known as Shrenee. The Traders had to pay taxes to the King.
Trading Magadha had a well - developed external and internal trade.The trade and crafts were also well developed.Some of the famous ports were - Tamraparvu (Sri Lanka), Shuprik (Sopara), Bhrigukaccha (Broach) and Pattal.
Some of the important towns (Pura - nagars) and large towns (Mahanagars) during this period were - Champa (Bihar), Rajgriha (Bihar), Shravasti (Dist. Gonda in UP), Kausambi (Distt. Allahabad in UP), Varanasi (UP), Vaishali (Bihar), Mithila (Bihar and Nepal border), Ayodhya (Distt. Faizabad in UP), Ujjayani (MP), etc.
Money system There was a well - regulated money system, introduction of coins helped in the growth of trade. The coins were made of copper and silver. The coins were known as punch marked Punch marked coins.They were punched with the symbols of sun, moon, trees, mountains,etc. 5.Describe the Varna system How did it start ?What is its present position in India today.
Ans It originated long back in the Vedic Period.But Kautilya clearly described first and later in Manusmriti by Manu.
Varna system is a four fold caste system. According to this system, there are four castes. top caste in Indian society.Brahaman,Kshatriye,Vaishya ,Shudra.
The society was based on Varna System, i.e. Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras which formed the foundation of the society.
The Kshatriyas were considered better than the Brahmins Vaishyas were called Grihapatis, who followed agriculture, cattle - rearing and trade)
The duty of Shudras was to serve the other three classes of the people.
The Varnas were based on birth and not on work.
Additional Q.How did Magsdh emerge as a powerful empire?
Ans a.Magadha -A successful empire there were a number of reasons for the success of Magadha (present day Bihar), like advantageous geographical position as Ganga and its tributaries provided a cheap means of transportation.
b.Agriculture was wide spread and productive. Besides iron mines were in abundance for tools and weapons. Elephants, an important component of military were found in the forests of the empire.
c.It had two capitals - Rajgriha and Pataliputra - headed by efficient, and far sighted rulers like Bimbisara and Ajatshatru.
d.An efficient military and civil administration, efficient money system, harmonious social structure and well - constructed bridges and roads made Magadha first amongst the sixteen Mahajanapadas of that period.
Ans a.Magadha -A successful empire there were a number of reasons for the success of Magadha (present day Bihar), like advantageous geographical position as Ganga and its tributaries provided a cheap means of transportation.
b.Agriculture was wide spread and productive. Besides iron mines were in abundance for tools and weapons. Elephants, an important component of military were found in the forests of the empire.
c.It had two capitals - Rajgriha and Pataliputra - headed by efficient, and far sighted rulers like Bimbisara and Ajatshatru.
d.An efficient military and civil administration, efficient money system, harmonious social structure and well - constructed bridges and roads made Magadha first amongst the sixteen Mahajanapadas of that period.
Comments
Post a Comment