5.Chapter 12.S.St.Advancement in Communication

Chapter 12

Advancement in Communication Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages.  Human beings have always communicated with others through different means of communication.  In ancient times, actions and drawings were used.  In some parts of the world, messages were even conveyed by drum beats or smoke signals.  Communication through smoke signals the development of language led to spoken and written messages.  There was a time when pigeons and horse riders delivered messages.  But the revolution in the means of communication in the recent times has enabled us to make instant communication.  Means of communication are of two types 1. Personal Communication 2. Mass Communication PERSONAL COMMUNICATION It is the communication between a sender and the receiver.  Let us study about various types of personal communication.  81

Postal Services Indian postal service has the largest network in the world.  Millions of letters, postcards, parcels, envelopes and money orders are sent and received everyday.  Mail is transported by vans, trains, aeroplanes and even ships.  The post offices also provide speed post, courier and banking facilities.  Postal Index Number (PIN) has made sorting and delivery of the mail easy and quick.  Postman delivering a letter Telegraph in 1837, Samuel Morse invented a system of sending messages by telegraph.  The sender sends a message through dots and dash symbols and the operator receives the message on the other end and translates the symbols into words.  The invention of teleprinter has made the telegraph service more efficient and quick.  It types the messages that it receives.  Telegraph Fax Fax has improved the communication system.  It has made the sending of messages, documents, graphs or pictures instant by a machine which is attached to a telephone.  Fax machine 82

Fax system is the most commonly used means of written communication both handwritten and the printed matter over any distance.  Telephone Telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1875. It is the quickest method of direct communication.  Today India has one of the largest telephone Do you know?  networks in Asia.  Almost every road in the ISD code of India is 91. For India has a phone booth, which offers dialing an international number, public calls, STD (Subscribers Trunk you have to first dial 00. It is dialing) and ISD (International followed by  the code of the country Subscribers Dialing) calls.  It is very that you are calling and then the useful for personal and business local number.  communication.  The cellular phone or mobile phone has revolutionized this method of communication.  A 'SIM card enables us to make calls as well as send text messages, pictures and e-mails.  Mobile phones have brought a complete change in everyone's life.  People from all sections of the society have become dependent on this form of communication.  You can see a vegetable vendor taking orders on the mobile or a plumber using a mobile to contact a customer.  Do you know?  We must follow the etiquette of not shouting on mobile phone in public places!  People using moblie phones 83

Do you know?  Banking, shopping, paying bills, matrimonial and employment services are also provided on the internet.  Internet India is connected to the whole world through the Internet.  Most urban households have access to Internet.  It is popular even in rural areas.  It helps in information, education, interaction with friends / family or in carrying out business activities.  You can send and receive e - mails, images or surf the net for any information that you want.  The 'cyber cafes' offer internet services at very reasonable rates.  Internet connects us to the world MASS COMMUNICATION mass communication creates awareness as well as shares information with a large number of people at the same time.  The means of mass communication are radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and films.  All India Radio G O.GR All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in many languages ​​APPL for people of different age groups in India, they are news, music, plays, educational topics, etc.  In recent times, many FM (Frequency Modulation) channels have been launched and the popularity of radio has been revived, especially for the younger generation 84 Children listening to radio

Television is the most popular means of mass communication today.  It has a great advantage of audio as well as visuals.  It may be a serial, natural history, music, dance, quiz or news from any part of the world.  The Doordarshan is the national television channel of India.  People watching television Do you know?  Television was invented in 1926 by Johan Logie Baird.  !  111.KI M HP Kam PRE Newspapers Print media includes newspapers, books magazines and journals.  The newspaper in Maday Nabharama Times Jaiho.  Singh again became Qin India began in 1780, with the publication of the Bengal Gazette from Calcutta.  Today, India publishes 1,795 daily newspapers.  The largest number of newspapers published in India are in Hindi.  These are followed by the ones in English and Urdu.  The first Hindi newspaper published in India was the Samachar Sudha Varshan in 1854. Today, 51 J14 India has over 55,000 registered newspapers and periodicals besides a number of books, newspapers which provide entertainment and all types of information.  YES EXPRE Do you know?  India and China are the biggest newspaper - buying countries of the world.  85

Cinema The first ever movie was released in India about 113 years ago in 1897 in Mumbai.  The film had only six scenes an arrival of a train, a sea bath, demolition of a building, workers leaving the mill, and ladies and soldiers on wheels.  It lasted all of ten minutes.  taare Para zameen cinema - means of mass communication Do you know?  The first Indian to produce a film was H.S.  Bhatwdekar in the year 1889. He shot only two scenes of three minutes each for his film - Do Pahalwanon Ki Kushti and Bandar Ko Nachata Hua Madaari.  Today India is the largest producer of feature films, short films and video films in the world.  Indian films are produced mainly in Hindi, followed by all the regional language films.  The advancement in science has brought a revolution in information technology.  Today we are living in a world that is like a small village in the real sense of the world.  Trade, tourism, business and personal communication have progressed beyond imagination.  But let us not forget that the modern means of communication have become dangerous tools in the hands of anti-social elements.  We must take all precautions while using them.  86